Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب الأحكام

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى الصَّنْعَانِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ قَالَ لاِبْنِ عُمَرَ اذْهَبْ فَاقْضِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ. قَالَ أَوَ تُعَافِينِى يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. قَالَ وَمَا تَكْرَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَقْضِى قَالَ إِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ مَنْ كَانَ قَاضِيًا فَقَضَى بِالْعَدْلِ فَبِالْحَرِىِّ أَنْ يَنْقَلِبَ مِنْهُ كَفَافًا. فَمَا أَرْجُو بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَفِى الْحَدِيثِ قِصَّةٌ. وَفِى الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ وَلَيْسَ إِسْنَادُهُ عِنْدِى بِمُتَّصِلٍ. وَعَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ الَّذِى رَوَى عَنْهُ الْمُعْتَمِرُ هَذَا هُوَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ أَبِى جَمِيلَةَ.
'Uthmān Ibn-'Affān said to 'Abdullāh Ibn-'Umar, "Go and judge between the people." Ibn-'Umar replied, "Would you please exempt me, Leader of the Believers?" 'Uthmān asked, "What is so hateful to you about it when your father used to judge?" Ibn-'Umar said, "Indeed, I heard the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, say, 'Whoever is a judge, and judges fairly, should be glad if he is blameless at the end of his career.(1)' So what more do I need (to deter me from being a judge)?" Footnote (1) It is very difficult for a judge to give the right judgment at all times as humans do make mistakes. So to come out of the career as a Judge without blaming or being blamed is in itself the biggest reward. Click on ḥadīth to read more
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِىٍّ الْبَصْرِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِىِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِى بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ عَنْ أَبِى سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا حَكَمَ الْحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ وَإِذَا حَكَمَ فَأَخْطَأَ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ وَاحِدٌ. قَالَ وَفِى الْبَابِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِى وَعُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِىِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِىِّ.
The Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, "If a judge gives a decision, exerting himself in juristic deduction, and reaches the correct ruling, he has double the reward. And if he [similarly] gives a decision, reaching an incorrect ruling, he has a single reward." (1) Footnotes: (1) He is rewarded for his integrity in exerting himself in juristic deduction, and is not held liable for reaching an incorrect ruling. Click on ḥadīth to read more
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِى عَوْنٍ الثَّقَفِىِّ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُعَاذٍ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَقْضِى. فَقَالَ أَقْضِى بِمَا فِى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ فَبِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم. قَالَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِى سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم. قَالَ أَجْتَهِدُ رَأْيِى. قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى وَفَّقَ رَسُولَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم.
The Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, sent Mu'āth [Ibn Jabal] to [rule over] Yemen, and asked him, "How will you judge?" Mu'āth answered, "In accordance with the Book of God." He then asked, "And what if [the ruling] is not in the Book of God?" Mu'āth replied, "Then in accordance with the sunnah (1) of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him." He said, "And what if it is not in the sunnah of the Messenger of God?" "Then I would exert myself in juristic deduction," Mu'āth responded. At that, the Messenger of God said, "Praise be to God, who guided the messenger of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, to that which is correct." Footnote: (1): Record of the tradition of prophet Muḥammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, including his sayings, actions, biography, physical and behavioral depiction, and his approval of something said or done in his presence, as narrated by his Companions. And according to this definition, sunnah and ḥadīth are synonymous for ḥadīth scholars. Ḥadīth is considered a major source of religious law, moral guidance and exemplification for Muslims, second only to the Qur’ān. Click on ḥadīth to read more